Understanding the Seismic History of Mexico
Mexico’s location on the Pacific Ring of Fire makes it prone to earthquakes and tsunamis. The country has experienced numerous seismic events throughout its history, leaving a lasting impact on its territory. One such event occurred on March 28, 1787, when a powerful earthquake struck the coast of Oaxaca.
The earthquake, estimated to be around 8.6 in magnitude, triggered a devastating tsunami that caused widespread destruction. The impact of the earthquake and subsequent tsunami was felt across the region, with historic buildings, churches, and convents suffering significant damage. However, the most significant impact was felt in coastal areas, where the tsunami caused massive destruction and loss of life.
Recent Seismic Activity and a Disturbing Coincidence
September 19 is a date that holds significant importance in Mexico’s seismic history. In recent years, the country has experienced three major earthquakes on this date, resulting in significant damage and loss of life. The first earthquake occurred in 1985, with an intensity of 8.1, causing thousands of victims in Mexico City. In 2017, a 7.7 earthquake struck the center of the country, causing widespread damage and loss of life. A third earthquake of 7.7 magnitude occurred in 2022, generating a sense of uncertainty and worry among the population.
While the recurrence of major earthquakes on the same date has sparked debate about a possible connection between these events, experts agree that it is a statistical coincidence. Mexico’s location in an area of high seismicity makes it prone to earthquakes, and this is a natural and expected phenomenon.
The Tsunami of 1787 and its Devastating Impact
Tsunamis are powerful natural phenomena that can release unimaginable energy. They are caused by large underwater disturbances, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides, and can reach speeds of hundreds of kilometers per hour and heights of tens of meters.
When a tsunami occurs, a series of waves are generated that propagate through the ocean. Upon reaching the coast, these waves concentrate and rise, flooding low-lying areas and causing massive destruction. The impact of the tsunami can vary depending on the coastal topography and seafloor characteristics.
A Look at the Past: Devastating Tsunamis on the Mexican Coast
While earthquakes are a recurring natural hazard in Mexico, tsunamis also pose a significant threat to the country’s coastal areas. Although less frequent than earthquakes, tsunamis can cause catastrophic damage. The last tsunami to occur on Mexican coasts was on April 18, 2014.
Mexico has experienced several tsunamis throughout its history, with the oldest and most devastating occurring in 1787 on the coast of Oaxaca. The National Seismological Service has identified several tsunamis, including the one that occurred in 2014, which was triggered by a 7.2 earthquake located 40 kilometers south of Petatlán, Guerrero.
In recent times, the Navy has issued tsunami alerts in 2014 and 2017, although fortunately, these were canceled. Despite the centuries that have passed, the aftermath of these disasters continues to be studied by scientists seeking to better understand these events.