Unlocking the Secrets of Volcanoes through AI-Powered Imaging
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the field of volcanology by enabling researchers to capture unprecedented images of a volcano’s interior. A team of scientists from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) has successfully utilized AI to obtain unique images of the Popocatépetl volcano, located in Mexico.
The Power of Seismic Interferometry and AI
To generate these images, researchers employ two distinct techniques: seismic interferometry and AI-powered monitoring of small tremors within the volcano. Seismic interferometry leverages environmental noise to create representations of the subsoil, while AI helps analyze the signals produced by small earthquakes.
These cutting-edge tools allow scientists to visualize the interior of the volcano in a way similar to an ultrasound or x-ray, providing valuable insights into the volcano’s structure and behavior. The data obtained through these methods will be used to refine models of the volcano’s functioning, ultimately supporting more informed decision-making and effective population protection.
Training AI to Identify Seismic Signals
By training an AI system to detect small earthquake signals within the Popocatépetl volcano, researchers aim to gain a deeper understanding of its internal dynamics. According to Esquivel Mendiola, a doctoral student in Earth Sciences, “We now have a complete image of the volcano’s structure, with each point indicating seismic activity and colors representing anomalies that refer to areas where seismic waves propagate with greater speed.”
The application of velocity models generated from both methodologies has the potential to significantly enhance the location of seismic activity and provide more accurate reports with the support of AI. However, one of the major challenges facing researchers is increasing data collection speed, as they currently rely on posthumous records.
Understanding the Popocatépetl Volcano’s Activity
The Popocatépetl volcano is one of approximately 1,350 active volcanoes globally and is considered high-risk due to its frequent activity. Located 70 kilometers southeast of Mexico City, the volcano is closely monitored by researchers. The last eruption of the Popocatépetl volcano occurred on December 18 and 19, 2000, resulting in a mass emission of ash.
The implementation of AI-powered imaging technology is expected to provide greater control, monitoring, and a more efficient warning system for the benefit of nearby populations.