Airbus has ordered an immediate global recall for thousands of its A320 family aircraft, exposing a critical flight control vulnerability linked to intense solar radiation that could affect half the world’s fleet.
The manufacturer discovered an issue with the Elevator and Aileron Computer (ELAC) system, vital for flight control, which is susceptible to data corruption from intense solar radiation. This vulnerability poses a significant risk to aircraft safety.
The recall encompasses A319, A320, and A321 models, including the “neo” variants, which constitute a substantial portion of global commercial aviation fleets. Airbus stated that an urgent software update or hardware replacement is required before affected aircraft can fly again.
The alert was triggered after a JetBlue flight from Cancun, Mexico, to Newark, New Jersey, experienced an unexpected altitude descent. Investigators linked the incident to the ELAC system defect.
Industry sources indicate this could be one of the largest recalls in Airbus history, potentially affecting thousands of planes globally. Around half of the A320 family aircraft in service worldwide may need intervention.
Many of the affected aircraft will only require a quick software “rollback,” a procedure that can be completed in about two hours. However, some units may need more extensive hardware replacements, potentially grounding them for weeks.
American Airlines confirmed that approximately 340 of its A320 aircraft need the modification. The airline expects to complete the majority of these interventions quickly to minimize cancellations or delays.
Airlines worldwide, including TAP Air Portugal and numerous other European and global carriers operating A320 or “neo” variants, are likely to be impacted. Airbus has warned that the measure could cause operational delays and disruptions, particularly during peak travel periods.
The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and Airbus agree that the detected vulnerability highlights a serious risk where intense solar radiation can corrupt essential navigation and control data. This means the ELAC system cannot continue operating without the necessary corrections.
Airbus emphasized that the safety of passengers and crew is paramount, acknowledging that operational interruptions, though undesirable, are unavoidable to ensure fleet reliability.
This extensive recall brings to light a previously underestimated risk: the impact of solar radiation on critical electronic flight control systems. It also raises questions about future aircraft design, certification protocols, and protection measures for sensitive avionics.
The precise number of aircraft per airline requiring intervention and the full impact on flight schedules over the coming weeks remain uncertain. Airlines face the challenge of integrating urgent maintenance with high travel demand without compromising operations or passenger confidence.