Shift in French Military Presence in Africa
The recent announcements by several African countries, including Ivory Coast, Senegal, and Chad, to withdraw French forces from their territories mark a significant shift in the French military presence in Africa. This development is part of a broader trend of African countries seeking to assert their independence and sovereignty in the face of changing global dynamics.
French Withdrawal from Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast’s President Alassane Ouattara announced that the French camp in Port Bouet will be handed over to the Ivorian armed forces in January 2025 and renamed Camp General Ouattara Thomas d’Aquin. This move is seen as a significant step towards Ivory Coast’s military modernization and independence. The French presence in Ivory Coast dates back to the second Ivorian civil war in 2011, when French troops were deployed to support the Ouattara government.
Senegal’s Call for Withdrawal of Foreign Forces
Senegal’s President Bassirou Faye announced the withdrawal of all foreign military forces from Senegalese territory by 2025. This move is seen as part of Senegal’s efforts to assert its sovereignty and independence. The withdrawal will include the Spanish mission in Dakar, known as the Ivory Detachment, which has been operating since 2013.
Chad’s Withdrawal of French Troops
Chad announced in November that it would begin a withdrawal of French troops stationed in the country. The withdrawal is expected to be completed by January 31, and the first French bases have already been handed over to the Chadian armed forces. Chad has denied that it will turn to third nations for military cooperation, but has recently announced new agreements with Türkiye.
Implications of French Withdrawal
The French withdrawal from African territories marks a significant shift in the dynamics of international relations in the region. While the withdrawals from Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso can be seen as expulsions, the withdrawals from Senegal, Chad, and Ivory Coast are part of a broader effort to adapt to changing global dynamics. The French presence in Africa is no longer seen as viable in the 21st century, and the country is seeking to redefine its relationships with African nations.
New Players in African International Relations
The emergence of new players in African international relations, including Russia, China, United Arab Emirates, and Turkey, has created new opportunities and challenges for African countries. The French withdrawal from Africa marks a significant shift in the balance of power in the region and creates new opportunities for African countries to assert their independence and sovereignty.